Author:

• Jefferson Felipe Calazans Batista - Batista, J.F.C - <jefferson.calazans.enf@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3681-7990

Co-author(s):

• Vitória Steffany de Oliveira Santos - Santos, V.S.O - <steffanyvitoria141@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4732-3830
• Marcos Antonio Almeida-Santos - Almeida-Santos, M.A - <virtual.596@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0622-6257
• Sonia Oliveira Lima - Lima, S.O - <sonialima.cirurgia@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3257-2412

Abstract:

This study analyzed the temporal trend and factors associated with unfavorable tuberculosis outcomes in Indigenous populations in Brazil during 2013-2022. An ecological and cross-sectional study was conducted on tuberculosis cases among Indigenous people. Prais-Winsten regression was used for temporal trends and logistic regression for factors associated with outcomes using the odds ratio (OR). A total of 7,446 cases among Indigenous people were analyzed; 82.9% were cured, 9.1% abandoned treatment, and 8.0% died. The North region showed a 5.6% (95%CI=3.1; 8.1) annual increase in abandonment and a 1.5% (95%CI=-2.6; -0.4) reduction in cure rates during 2013-2022, along with a 4.5% (95%CI=1.0; 8.2) increase in new cases and a 24.4% (95%CI=18.6; 30.6) rise in deaths2013 to 2019. Factors associated with treatment abandonment were insufficient monitoring (OR=14.07; 95%CI=8.25; 23.99) and lack of observed treatment (OR=1.82; 95%CI=1.32; 2.52). Predictors of death were age over 60 (OR=8.35; 95%CI=4.93; 14.15), living in the North (OR=3.25; 95%CI=1.68; 6.27), and insufficient monitoring (OR=42.94; 95%CI=20.75; 88.82). In summary, the temporal trend was unfavorable in all North scenarios, with multiple predictors of abandonment and death identified, particularly insufficient monitoring of cases.

Keywords:

Tuberculosis; Indigenous Peoples; Death; Patients who dropped out of treatment.

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