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0074/2026 - Gender and Racial Inequalities in the Health Workforce in Brazil: Evidence from the Formal Market (2010-2021)
Desigualdades de Gênero e Raça na Força de Trabalho em Saúde no Brasil: Evidências do Mercado Formal (2010-2021)

Author:

• Cristiana Leite Carvalho - Carvalho, CL - <cristianalcarvalho@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-2759

Co-author(s):

• Samuel Araujo Gomes da Silva - Silva, SAG - <samaraujogo@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6382-2448
• Lucas Wan Der Maas - Maas, LWD - <lucaswandermaas@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5759-5039
• Jackson Freire Araújo - Araújo, JF - <jackson@nescon.medicina.ufmg.br>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0482-6005
• Sarah Lima Queiroz - Queiroz, SL - <sarahlq131@hotmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2984-0030
• Wanderson Costa Bomfim - Bomfim, WC - <wandersoncb10@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7066-2868
• Ana Cristina de Sousa van Stralen - Stralen, ACSV - <anastralen@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4751-7595
• Sábado Nicolau Girardi - Girardi, SN - <sabadogirardi@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0817-0533


Abstract:

This study examines gender and racial inequalities in the health workforce in Brazil between 2010 and 2021, using data from the Annual Social Information Report (RAIS). The objective is to identify differences in composition and remuneration among professional categories, focusing on the interaction between gender and race. Methodologically, descriptive analyses were conducted, considering variables such as sex, race, and average hourly remuneration, cross-referenced with occupational and sectoral data. The results reveal that women of color are disproportionately concentrated in lower-paying and precarious professions, while White men dominate prestigious and higher-paid professions. The findings underscore the needs of public policies to address structural inequalities and promote greater equity in the sector.

Keywords:

Occupational Health, Health Inequalities, Gender and Health, Racial Disparities, Labor Market.

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Cite

Carvalho, CL, Silva, SAG, Maas, LWD, Araújo, JF, Queiroz, SL, Bomfim, WC, Stralen, ACSV, Girardi, SN. Gender and Racial Inequalities in the Health Workforce in Brazil: Evidence from the Formal Market (2010-2021). Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2026/Mar). [Citado em 14/08/2026]. Está disponível em: http://www.cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/en/articles/gender-and-racial-inequalities-in-the-health-workforce-in-brazil-evidence-from-the-formal-market-20102021/19972?id=19972



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