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0110/2026 - ASSOCIATION OF OBSTETRIC PRACTICES WITH POSTPARTUM DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS: DATA FROM THE BRAZILIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY, 2019
ASSOCIAÇÃO DE PRÁTICAS OBSTÉTRICAS COM SINTOMAS DEPRESSIVOS NO PÓS-PARTO: DADOS DA PESQUISA NACIONAL DE SAÚDE, 2019

Author:

• Giovanna Martins de Salvo - Salvo, GM - <giovannasalvo.enf@gmail.com, giovanna.desalvo95@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8859-4621

Co-author(s):

• Cíntia Oliveira de Moura - Moura, CO - <cintia.moura.nutricionista@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1288-0338
• Mariana Terra Nunes Ribas - Ribas, MTN - <marianatnribas@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6415-698X
• Thaísa Bissoli Mattos Teixeira - Teixeira, TBM - <thaisadesouzanutri@gmail.com>.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6276-9804
• Daniele Marano - Marano, D - <danielemarano@yahoo.com.br>
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-941X
• Dayana Rodrigues Farias - Farias, DR - <dayana.farias@gmail.com, dayana.farias@ufrj.br>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-8375
• Fernanda Rebelo - Rebelo, F - <frebelos@gmail.com>
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6207-5161


Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the association between mode of delivery, obstetric practices, and reason for cesarean section with depressive symptoms in postpartum women up to one year postpartum. Methods: Cross-sectional study using data from the 2019 National Health Survey, including women aged >15 years and up to 12 months postpartum. Variables: mode of delivery, obstetric interventions, reasons for cesarean section, and postpartum depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9 >4 symptoms of mild depression and ≥9 as severe). STATA 15.0 was used for the analyses, with Directed Acyclic Graphs supporting confounding variables. Results: A total of 986 postpartum women were analyzed. The prevalence of severe depressive symptoms was 13.1%. Of the total, 54.8% underwent cesarean section, 65.3% without appropriate indication. There was no association between type of delivery and depression, nor between obstetric practices during vaginal delivery and depression. The odds of mild depression symptoms (PHQ-9 >4) were higher when cesarean section was the physician's choice during prenatal care (OR=2.08; 95% CI: 1.08-3.97; p=0.026) compared with cesarean sections indicated due to complications. Conclusion: Unnecessary cesarean sections may increase maternal psychological vulnerability. The importance of prenatal care focused on preparing women to make their decisions is emphasized.

Keywords:

Vaginal birth; C-section; Postpartum depression; Postpartum period.

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Salvo, GM, Moura, CO, Ribas, MTN, Teixeira, TBM, Marano, D, Farias, DR, Rebelo, F. ASSOCIATION OF OBSTETRIC PRACTICES WITH POSTPARTUM DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS: DATA FROM THE BRAZILIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY, 2019. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2026/May). [Citado em 17/09/2026]. Está disponível em: http://www.cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/en/articles/association-of-obstetric-practices-with-postpartum-depressive-symptoms-data-from-the-brazilian-national-health-survey-2019/20008?id=20008&id=20008



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